Ultrasound/Chlorine: A Novel Synergistic Sono-Hybrid Process for Allura Red AC Degradation

Herein, we present an original report on chlorine activation by ultrasound (US: 600 kHz, 120 W) for intensifying the sonochemical treatment of hazardous organic materials. The coupling US/chlorine produced synergy via involvement reactive species (RCSs: Cl•, ClO• and Cl2•−), resulting from sono-activation chlorine. degradation Allura Red AC (ARAC) textile dye, as a contaminant model, was drastically improved process compared to separated techniques. A index 1.74 obtained ARAC (C0 = 5 mg·L−1) at pH 5.5 [chlorine]0 250 mM. synergistic increased up 2.2 when concentration 300 µM. Additionally, synergetic effect only 4–6, where HOCl is sole species. combining US additive argon atmosphere, air negative N2. An atmosphere could provide best it generates relatively moderate argon, which marginalizes radical–radical reactions radical–organic ones. Finally, more low pollutant concentrations ≤ 10 mg·L−1); (C0~20–30 higher C0 (>30 mg·L−1). Consequently, efficiently operable under typical water conditions, although complete by-product analysis toxicity assessment may still be necessary establish viability.